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CERES EBAF Net Balancing

EBAF Net Balance

CERES product TOA fluxes have a positive net imbalance, due mainly to the CERES instrument absolute calibration
- CERES net flux uncertainty analysis
- CERES Earth radiation budget
The CERES EBAF-TOA product was designed for climate modelers that need a net imbalance constrained to the ocean heat storage term (Hansen et al. 2005)
CERES also uses the observed SORCE incoming solar fluxes (Kopp et al. 2005), which has solar constant of 1361.0
CERES performed a flux uncertainty analysis and determined that the CERES instrument calibration was the largest uncertainty at 2% for the SW and 1% for LW.
- CERES net flux uncertainty analysis
- The EBAF fluxes were derived by net balancing the SYN1deg product.
- Note the CERES stated instrument stability is on order of 0.2% over time.
More information can be found in the EBAF Data Quality Summary (DQS)

TOA fluxes (W/m²) Mar00-Feb04	ERBElike Edition2	SSF1deg Edition2	SYN1deg Edition2	EBAF Edition2
Incoming Solar	341.3	341.3	341.3	340.0
OLR	239.0	237.7	237.2	239.7
SW	98.3	96.6	97.7	99.5
Net	4.0	7.0	6.0	0.85

Net flux sensitivity (α_i), standard deviation of error (σ_i), maximum likelihood error (x_i), and error effect on net TOA flux.

Parameter	Net TOA Flux sensitivity, α_i (W/m²/%)	2σ uncertainty, δ_i (%)	Maximum Likelihood solution, x_i (%)	TOA Flux adjustment (W/m²)
SW gain	-0.977	2.0	1.6	1.57
LW gain	-2.37	1.0	0.972	2.3
Unfiltered SW	-0.977	0.5	0.105	0.1
Unfiltered LW(N)	-1.19	0.2	0.022	0.03
Unfiltered LW(D)	-1.19	0.38	0.07	0.08
SW radiance to flux	-0.977	0.20	0.017	0.02
LW radiance to flux	-2.37	0.13	0.016	0.04
Time-averaging SW	-0.977	0.30	0.038	0.04
Time-averaging LW	-2.37	0.13	0.016	0.04
Reference Level, SW	-0.977	0.10	0.004	0.00
Reference Level, LW	-2.37	0.08	0.007	0.02
Incoming Solar	3.40	0.06	-0.005	-0.02
Total SW				1.7
Total LW				2.5
Total Net				-4.2

Note the SW and LW gains or instrument absolute calibration have the highest uncertainty and largest corresponding TOA flux adjustment

For the Earth to remain in balance the energy coming into and leaving the Earth must equal.
The CERES absolute instrument calibration currently does not have zero net balance and must be adjusted to balance the Earth's energy budget.
After the EBAF adjustment the CERES fluxes may be used in climate models for climate model evaluation, estimating the Earth's global mean energy budget and to infer meridional heat transport.

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